Early Anasazi (Pueblo) pottery from about 550-800 AD
Early Woodland
The third period of North American history, after the Archaic period, is the Woodland period.
What happened in the Archaic period?
More Native American articles
The Early Woodland period began in the southern and midwestern part of North America about 1200 BC.
People like the Pueblo people settled down more in permanent villages and towns. More and more people used pottery for their containers in addition to baskets.
History of baskets
Who invented pottery?
More about the Pueblo people
Farming and earth mounds
During this time, while some people were still using spears and atlatls to hunt with, most people were switching over to the more modern bows and arrows.
What’s an atlatl?
Where did bows and arrows come from?
And a lot of people began planting and harvesting crops – farming – around this time. About 700 BC, Adena people began to build earth mounds. The time of this change depended on where you lived. So the Blackfoot, far to the north, did not enter the Woodland period and start using pottery and bows and arrows until about 200 BC.
More about the Adena
Who were the Blackfoot?
The Three Sisters: corn, beans, and squash
Hopewell Mound in Ohio
Middle Woodland
In the Middle Woodland period, about 400 BC, some Native people began to live in bigger towns and build bigger earth burial mounds for their leaders. Most of these people lived along the Mississippi valley and other places near there. They lived in the middle of North America. One of these cultures is called the Hopewell culture.
More about the Hopewell
Late Woodland period
In the Late Woodland period, beginning about 500 AD, something seems to have happened to the Hopewell culture, and people stopped building new earth mounds and stopped trading up and down the rivers. Villages and towns got smaller. On the other hand, more people began using bows and arrows, and even though the villages are smaller there are more of them. More people were relying on farming corn and beans for their food. People were also growing tobacco.
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