Louis-Philippe and Napoleon III
Louis XVIII Louis the Eighteenth When the Allies defeated Napoleon in 1814 AD, France needed to figure out a new government. The first thing French people tried was putting a king back in [...]
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European history – 1500 to now
Vasco da Gama and Columbus used ships like these During the 1500s AD, the people of Europe got much richer than they had been in the Middle Ages. With the collapse of [...]
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Henry VIII of England – The Tudors
Henry VIII of England Henry VIII rules England When Henry VII died in 1509, his son Henry VIII became king of England. He was only 18 years old, but he grabbed his power [...]
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Hanoverian England – Walpole and Pitt
Hanoverian England: King George I of England Why did the Hanoverians come from Germany to rule England? Because Queen Anne had no children, and no Catholic could be king or queen, when [...]
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Germany in the 1800s – Bismarck
Map of Europe after the Congress of Vienna (thanks to Wikipedia) What was the Congress of Vienna? An alliance of European armies finally defeated Napoleon in 1814. Then all the European countries [...]
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French Revolution – History of France
French Revolution: French women revolutionaries march on the king's palace at Versailles Why did France want a revolution? All through the 1700s, Enlightenment philosophers in France had been figuring out new ways [...]
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Anarchists, Franco and modern Spain
Anarchist militia (Barcelona, 1936) Spain after World War I Just as with the Napoleonic Wars, World War I left Spain with the difficult problem of having close relationships with countries on both [...]
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Enlightenment in Spain – 1700s
Barbara of Portugal, Queen of Spain Elizabeth Farnese kept power in Spain until the death of her husband Philip in 1746 AD, but when Philip died power passed from Elizabeth to her [...]
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Early Modern Spain – Philip II
Philip II of Spain Philip II of Spain As the great-grandson of Isabella, who had sent Columbus to America, and the son of Isabella of Portugal, Philip II ruled Spain starting [...]
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Early Modern France – Henry IV
Henry IV of France Henry IV of France In 1589 AD, Catherine de Medici died in France, and her last son, Henry III, was killed a few months later. Henry III had [...]
